Isolation and Culture of Oocytes from Dairy Cows' Ovaries for Productivity in the Southeastern Region of Kazakhstan

Abstract

This research work aims to study methods for isolating and culturing follicular oocytes from Holstein cows in vitro. The proven complex of technologies for embryo transplantation on an industrial scale will provide a 3-5-fold acceleration of reproduction of highly productive cows. As a result of scientific research, biotechnological methods of accelerated reproduction of dairy cattle have been substantiated and introduced into production. The object of the study was eggs obtained from the ovarian follicles of cows and heifers of breeding age of the Holstein breed, forced (poisoning, severe injuries, fractures, burns) slaughtered at the slaughterhouse of the Bayserke agro holding (the largest agricultural agro forming with an innovative approach in agriculture, a cluster uniting agricultural scientists and production workers. The main activities of the organization are animal husbandry, crop production, deep processing of products, greenhouse farming, and beekeeping, there is a dairy plant and a meat processing plant, at the launch stage there is a fish farm and a feed mill, scientific research and education) in Almaty region. When obtaining the material, the authors used ovaries without visible signs of pathology, at the stage of follicular growth, or with a developed corpus luteum. Based on the results of the research work, the quantitative yield of morphologically complete follicular oocytes in the amount of 1243, obtained from the ovaries of slaughtered cattle uteruses was established, depending on the season of the year, and their morphological state was also characterized. The nature of the influence of various cultural systems on the degree of maturation of follicular oocytes in vitro was also clarified, where 356 oocytes were cultured in the Dulbecco medium with 10% homologous serum, in the follicular fluid and in the IVF Universal medium 428 and 459 oocytes, respectively and a positive effect on the maturation of oocytes of the synthetic culture medium IVF Universal was established. The experiments and the methodology used for conducting research on laboratory animals comply with the requirements of biological safety and ethical principles of animal experimentation set out in the European Convention for the protection of vertebrates used for experimental and other scientific purposes.