Equilibrium Studies and Optimization of Phosphate Adsorption from Synthetic Effluent Using Acid Modified Bio-Sorbent
- 1 Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Nigeria
- 2 Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria
Abstract
Adsorption potential of periwinkle shell (PRW), an agricultural waste, for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solution was investigated through equilibrium studies at various experimental conditions. PRW was carbonized and chemically activated with 1MH2SO4 before it was subjected to characterization using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Adsorption data were analyzed using various kinetic and isotherm models. Statistical modeling through Central Composite Design (CCD) was also employed. The results showed that, FT-IR spectrum of the activated PRW shows many absorption peaks and a variety of functional groups such as –OH, -NH, C = O, C-H, C-N, CH3 and CH2 which explains its improved adsorption behavior on the colloidal particles. SEM shows the morphological changes with respect to the shape and sizes of the adsorption sites.EDX indicates the higher percentage composition of carbon (11.66%), Oxygen (63.18%) as important constituent elements for adsorption. Equilibrium data were well fitted to pseudo second order kinetic model and were best described by Langmuir Isotherm model at the temperature of 303K. Removal efficiency of 95.90% was obtained. A statistical model equation was developed for the adsorption process which reveals contact time as the most significant main effect for performance of the adsorbent.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2017.980.991
Copyright: © 2017 Babayemi Akinpelu Kamoru and Onukwuli Okechukwu Dominic. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Keywords
- Adsorption
- Phosphorus
- Periwinkle
- Equilibrium
- Isotherm
- Kinetics