Research Article Open Access

Bioassay Guided Isolation of Antibacterial Compounds from Andrographis paniculata

Abubakar Sule1, Qamar Uddin Ahmed2, Othman Abd. Samah1, Muhammad Nor Omar1, Norazian M. Hassan2, Laina Zarisa M. Kamal2 and M. Ambar Yarmo3
  • 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Science, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia
  • 3 School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Kulliyyah of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract

Problem statement: Chronic disease-causing bacteria of medical importance have developed resistance to antibiotics, hence, necessitating distinct and constant need for safe and efficient therapeutic agents. Plants are considered potent candidate for this aim. A way out of reducing antibiotic resistance and adverse effects on host is the employment of antibiotic resistance inhibitors of plant origin. Approach: About 5 kg pulverized Andrographis paniculata whole plant was macerated with MeOH at room temperature to get 305 g freeze dried MeOH extract. The bioautography of MeOH extract using Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis as indicator organisms revealed the presence of two potent antibacterial compounds. MeOH extract was further fractionated and purified by silica gel column chromatography which led to the isolation of a diterpene lactone and an entlabdane diterpene glycoside upon crystallization with absolute ethanol. Results: Two antibacterial compounds viz., 3-O-β-D-glucosyl-14-deoxyandrographolide and 14-deoxyandrographolide were successfully isolated and characterized. Their structures were exclusively elucidated through spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, 1H- and 13C NMR). Conclusion: A. paniculata possesses antibacterial activity and could be potential source of a new class of antibiotics that might be useful for infectious disease chemotherapy and control.

American Journal of Applied Sciences
Volume 8 No. 6, 2011, 525-534

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2011.525.534

Submitted On: 21 March 2011 Published On: 13 June 2011

How to Cite: Sule, A., Ahmed, Q. U., Samah, O. A., Omar, M. N., Hassan, N. M., Kamal, L. Z. M. & Yarmo, M. A. (2011). Bioassay Guided Isolation of Antibacterial Compounds from Andrographis paniculata. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(6), 525-534. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2011.525.534

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Keywords

  • Andrographis paniculata
  • bioassay-guided isolation
  • antibacterial compounds