TY  - JOUR
AU  - Azarin, Kirill 
AU  - Makarenko, Maxim 
AU  - Usatov, Alexander 
AU  - Khachumov, Vladimir 
AU  - Kovalevich, Alexey 
AU  - Gorbachenko, Oleg 
AU  - Gavrilova, Vera 
PY  - 2018
TI  - Comparative Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genome of the Alloplasmic Sunflower (Helianthus L.) Lines with Various CMS Types
JF  - American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
DO  - 10.3844/ajbbsp.2018.39.47
UR  - https://thescipub.com/abstract/ajbbsp.2018.39.47
AB  - The complete chloroplast genomes of sunflower fertile line HA89 and isonuclear CMS lines with four different cytoplasmic backgrounds (PET1, PET2, ANN2 and MAX) were sequenced. A total of 451 polymorphic sites, with including 58 SSRs, 317 SNPs and 76 microindels were revealed between the fertile and CMS cytotypes. Among the alloplasmic male-sterile lines, cpDNA of CMS-MAX had the largest number of polymorphisms. The lowest number of polymorphic sites was revealed in CMS-PET1. Like as CMS-PET1, CMS-PET2 was obtained as a result of interspecific crossing between H. petiolaris and cultivated sunflower H. annuus. Nevertheless, the number of INDELs and SNPs in CMS-PET2 chloroplast genome was more than 4-fold and 6.5-fold higher than that in cpDNA of CMS-PET1. The average frequency of SNPs and INDELs in the non-genic regions and genic regions were 0.0062 and 0.0046, respectively. Increased mutation rates were found in the psbM-rpoB, rps16 intron, atpA-psbD, rps4-ndhJ and ndhc-atpE non-coding regions, as well as in the rpoC2, atpA, rbcL, ndhF and ycf1 genes. In addition to short insertions and deletions ranging from 1 to 5 bp, the relatively long INDELs (14-24 bp) unique for each CMS line were found. These insertions and deletions may be of use for PCR differentiation of the CMS lines due to differences in the amplicons length.